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冢
zhǒng
1. Burial mound. 坟墓。
- Ancient burial mound (古冢).
- Abandoned grave (荒冢).
- Grave of officials (衣冠冢).
- Green mound (青冢).
- Thicket burial mound (丛冢).
2. Eldest (long). 长(zhǎng)。
- Eldest son (冢子).
- Legitimate heir (冢嗣).
- Wife of the eldest son (冢妇).
- Eldest child (冢息).
3. Big. 大。
- Great lord (冢君).
- Grand sacrificial ceremony (冢祀).
4. Top of hill. 山顶。
本义: High and large grave. 【本义】:高而大的坟.
字形: Phonetic compound; consists of 'roof' (宀) and sounds like 'chù'. It indicates covering the earth, thus it is represented with a roof. 【造字法】:形声。从宀( mì),豖( chù)声。冖,表地覆盖。将死者覆盖于墓中,故从冖。
引:
1. "Shuō Wén Jiě Zì": A burial mound is a high grave. 《说文》:冢,高坟也。
2. "Zhou Li·Zhong Ren": In charge of the public cemetery. 《周礼·冢人》:掌公墓之地。
3. "Fāng Yán Shí Sān": In the regions between Qin and Jin, referred to as "long". 《方言十三》:冢,秦晋之间或谓之陇。
4. "Shī·Dà Yǎ·Mián": Therefore establishing a mound. The comment indicates: This is a large earthen altar for the soil god. 《诗·大雅·緜》:乃立冢土。传:“大社也。”即祭土神的高大土坛。
5. "Shǐ Jì·Gāo Zǔ Běn Jì": Xiang Yu burned the palaces of Qin and excavated the tomb of the First Emperor. 《史记·高祖本纪》:项羽烧秦宫室,掘始皇帝冢。
6. Qing Dynasty: Yuan Mei's "Funeral Essay": There are two mounds below. 清·袁枚《祭妹文》:其下两冢。
例:
- Wild grave (野冢) - disordered graves in the wilderness.
- Suspected grave (疑冢) - a false grave built by wealthy families in ancient times to confuse future generations about the true burial site.
- Grave keeper (冢人) - an official governing burials in ancient times.
- Grave soil (冢土) - soil from a grave; also refers to large altar where the emperor sacrifices to gods.
- Cemetery (冢田) - graveyard.
- Grave site (冢宅) - a burial site.
- Mourning place (冢舍) - residence of those mourning beside a grave.
同义词:
1. Burial mound ([En.] burial mound) 同本义
山顶 ([En.] top of hill) 山顶。
引:
1. "Ér Yǎ": Top of a mountain, known as a mound. 《尔雅》:山顶,冢。
2. "Shān Hǎi Jīng·Xī Shān Jīng": Mount Hua is called 'mound'. 注:“冢者,神鬼之所居也。”
3. "Shī·Xiǎo Yǎ·Shí Yuè Zhī Jiāo": The rivers boil, and the mountain mounds collapse. 郑玄注:“山顶曰冢。”
4. Yuan Zhen's "Manzi Zhou": At night guarding against thieves in the deep mountains, in the morning I see smoke rising from the high mound. 元稹《蛮子朝》:夜防抄盗保深山,朝望烟尘上高冢。
形容词:
1. Big; of high status ([En.] eldest)。
引:
1. "Ér Yǎ": Mound means big. 《尔雅》:冢,大也。
2. "Bái Hǔ Tōng": A mound means big. 《白虎通》:冢者,大也。
3. "Shū·Mù Shì": My dear friend is an elder lord. 《书·牧誓》:我友邦冢君。
4. "Zhou Li": Hence established the heavenly official mound prime minister. 《周礼》:乃立天官冢宰。
5. "Zhou Shū·Dà Kuāng": The king summoned the prime minister. 《周书·大匡》:王乃召冢卿。
6. "Lǐ Jì·Nèi Zé": The eldest son is the sacrifice. 《礼记·内则》:冢子则太牢。
例:
- Chancellor (冢臣) - senior officials of the court.
- Prime minister (冢司) - another name for the prime minister.
- Great sacrifice (冢祀) - a grand sacrificial ceremony performed by the ancient emperor in the ancestral hall.
- Senior honorable (冢卿) - high-ranking official.
- Great lord (冢君) - a title of respect for the rulers of various states.
2. Of legitimate birth; authentic, not a side branch ([En.] of the wife). 嫡生的。正宗的,不是旁支的。
引:
1. Bai Juyi's "Reply to the Sihao Temple": The eldest legitimate wanted to usurp, and siblings are worried and suspicious. 白居易《答四皓庙》:冢嫡欲废夺,骨肉相忧疑。
例:
- Legally recognized elder (冢嫡) - legitimate eldest son.
- Eldest son (冢子) - eldest born.
- Eldest child (冢息) - eldest child.
- Legitimate grandson (冢孙) - legitimate eldest grandson.
- Wife of the eldest son (冢妇) - wife of the eldest son.
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