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Pinyin
fǎn
Definition
wrong side out or up / anti-
反 [fǎn]
动:
1. 翻转,颠倒。(turn over)
2. 翻转的,颠倒的,与“正”相对。(upside down; inside out; in the reverse direction)
3. 抵制,背叛,抗拒。(resist; rebel)
4. 和原来的不同,和预感的不同。(different from the original; different from what was expected)
5. 回击,回过头来。(rebound; turn back)
6. 类推。(analogize)
具体用法:
1. 翻转,颠倒: 反手 (a. 翻过手,手到背后; b. 反掌), 反复 (repeat), 反侧 (turn over)
2. 翻转的,颠倒的: 正反两方面的经验, 反间 (using enemy spies to create contradictions within the enemy), 反诉 (counterclaim), 反馈 (feedback), 适得其反 (achieve opposite results), 物极必反 (extremes meet)
3. 抵制,背叛,抗拒: 反霸 (resist tyranny)
4. 和原来的不同,和预感的不同: 反常 (abnormal)
5. 回击,回过头来: 反驳 (refute), 反攻 (counterattack), 反诘 (challenge), 反思 (reflect), 反躬自问 (introspect)
6. 类推: 举一反三 (learn by analogy)
形:
1. 相反的; 对立的。与“正”相对。(opposite; contrary)
副:
1. 反而;相反。(on the contrary)
名:
1. 反革命分子的简称。(counterrevolutionist; counterrevolutionary)
2. 姓。
引例:
1. 反,覆也。
2. 以齐王,由反手也。
3. 天反时为灾,地物为妖,民反德为乱。
总结:
反涉及翻转、反对、回归等多种含义,其用法丰富且广泛,体现在日常对话、文献引用及相关成语中。
to make a false countercharge
invent a charge against sb.
to mirror / to reflect / mirror image / reflection / (fig.) to report / to make known / to render
to react / to respond / reaction / response / reply / chemical reaction / CL:個|个[ge4]
instead / on the contrary / contrary (to expectations)
repeatedly / over and over / to upend / unstable / to come and go / (of an illness) to return
anyway / in any case / to come over from the enemy's side
to reflect / reflection (from a mirror etc) / reflex (i.e. automatic reaction of organism)
anti-imperialist / anti-imperialists
to counterattack / a counteroffensive
anti-submarine / antisubmarine
repercussions / reaction / echo
to support one's parents in their old age / to show filial piety / to to repay / to return a favor
to answer back sarcastically (idiom) / to retort
turn against another in mutual recrimination
trump up a countercharge against one's acuser
anti-trust law / legislation again monopolies
opitoshtonous (med.), muscular spasm of the body associated with tetanus and meningitis
to bounce / to bounce back / to boomerang / to ricochet / rebound (of stock market etc) / bounce / backlash / negative repercussions
with hands behind one's back / trussed
to strike back / to beat back / to counterattack
to think back over sth / to review / to revisit / to rethink / reflection / reassessment
anti-terrorism / to fight against terrorism
on the contrary / just the reverse / over the left
to renege / to go back (on a deal) / to back out (of a promise)
to be disgusted with / to dislike / bad reaction / antipathy
turn one's weapon around and strike
to counterattack / to come back after a defeat / to retrieve lost ground
see 弄巧成拙[nong4 qiao3 cheng2 zhuo1]
to fight against / to oppose / to be opposed to / opposition
hash / repeated deliberation
redress fabricated cases and rehabilitate those who have been wronged / rehabilitate those who had been wrongfully accused
to ruminate / to chew the cud
but on the contrary / but expectedly
to fight corruption and advocate probity
bring order out of chaos / set to rights things which have been thrown into disorder
(with one’s hands) tied behind his back
聪 明 反 被 聪 明 误 cōng míng fǎn bèi cōng míng wù
a clever person may become the victim of his own ingenuity (idiom); cleverness may overreach itself / too smart for one's own good
purge of counterrevolutionary elements (esp. Stalin's purges of the 1930 and Mao's purges 1955-57) / abbr. for 肅清反革命份子|肃清反革命分子
(Chinese opera) to play a role outside of one's specialty / (modern) to play a transvestite role / to masquerade as an opponent
on the other hand... / conversely...
serve as a foil to / set off by contrast
irony / sarcasm / to satirize with opposites
to ask (a question) in reply / to answer a question with a question / rhetorical question
to reverse (the score) / to pull off a comeback / to take the lead
look back at past mistakes one has made
to toss and turn restlessly (in the bed)
to produce the opposite of the desired result
a government official drives the people to revolt (idiom); a minister provokes a rebellion by exploiting the people
locked in (with the door locked from the outside)
to send back information / feedback
oppose local despots / oppose hegemonism / anti-hegemonism / anti-hegemony
honor does not allow one to glance back (idiom); duty-bound not to turn back / no surrender / to pursue justice with no second thoughts